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Englische Hilfsverben: Auxiliaries und Modal Auxiliaries
Im Englischen gibt es zwei Arten von Hilfsverben: Auxiliaries und Modal Auxiliaries.
Die Auxiliaries „be“, „have“ und „do“ können als Vollverben verwendet werden.
Die Modal Auxiliaries (Modalverben, modale Hilfsverben) werden ausschließlich in Verbindung mit einem Vollverb angewendet.
Hilfsverben werden häufig zur Konstruktion von Fragesätzen und verneinten Aussagen benötigt. Aber auch in normalen positiven Aussagesätzen finden sie ihre Anwendung.
Weit verbreitet ist der Gebrauch der Kurzformen:
be
Present Tense
I am | I’m |
You are | You’re |
He/she/it is | He/she/it’s |
We are | We’re |
You are | You’re |
They are | They’re |
Verneinung
are not = aren’t |
is not = isn’t |
Past Tense
I was |
You were |
He/she/it was |
We were |
You were |
They were |
Verneinung
were not = weren't |
was not = wasn’t |
have
Present Tense
I have | I’ve |
You have | You’ve |
He/she/it has | He/she/it’s |
We have | We’ve |
You have | You’ve |
They have | They’ve |
Verneinung
have not = haven’t |
has not = hasn’t |
Past Tense
I had | I’d |
You had | You’d |
He/she/it had | He/she/i’d |
We had | We’d |
You had | You’d |
They had | They’d |
Verneinung
Had not = Hadn’t |
do
Present Tense
I do |
You do |
He/she/it does |
We do |
You do |
They do |
Verneinung
do not = don’t |
does not = doesn’t |
Past Tense
I did |
You did |
He/she/it did |
We did |
You did |
They did |
Verneinung
did not = didn’t |
